In what sequence may each continue driving?

You answered correctly. The correct sequence is: first the cyclist, then you, and finally the yellow car.

Here’s why: The intersection is regulated by a priority road sign (yellow diamond), which gives you the right of way over the yellow car, since you are already on the priority road while the yellow car is coming from a yield (triangle sign). The cyclist is turning left and coming from your right, and since he is on the priority road as well, he goes first. After the cyclist, you go next because you have priority over the yellow car. The yellow car, which must yield, goes last. This reflects the German rule of “Rechts vor Links” (priority to the right) only when no priority road sign is present; in this case, the signs take precedence. Always observe priority road signs and yield signs at intersections.